docs/apps.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Apps
 
 Apps are a way to group database models and API routes that contextually belong together.
-For example, OhMyAPI comes bundled with an `auth` app that carries a `User` model and provides API endpoints for JWT authentication.
+For example, OhMyAPI comes bundled with an `auth` app that carries a `User` and `Group` model and provides API endpoints for JWT authentication.
 
 Apps help organizing projects by isolating individual components (or "features") from one another.
 

docs/auth.md

@@ -40,6 +40,6 @@ router = APIRouter()
 
 
 @router.get("/")
-def get(user: auth.User = Depends(permissions.require_authenticated)):
+def get(user: auth.User = Depends(permissions.required_authenticated)):
     ...
 ```

poetry.lock

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.2.1 and should not be changed by hand.
+# This file is automatically @generated by Poetry 2.2.0 and should not be changed by hand.
 
 [[package]]
 name = "aerich"
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ version = "4.11.0"
 description = "High-level concurrency and networking framework on top of asyncio or Trio"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.9"
-groups = ["main", "dev"]
+groups = ["main"]
 files = [
     {file = "anyio-4.11.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:0287e96f4d26d4149305414d4e3bc32f0dcd0862365a4bddea19d7a1ec38c4fc"},
     {file = "anyio-4.11.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:82a8d0b81e318cc5ce71a5f1f8b5c4e63619620b63141ef8c995fa0db95a57c4"},
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ version = "2025.8.3"
 description = "Python package for providing Mozilla's CA Bundle."
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
-groups = ["main", "dev"]
+groups = ["main"]
 files = [
     {file = "certifi-2025.8.3-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f6c12493cfb1b06ba2ff328595af9350c65d6644968e5d3a2ffd78699af217a5"},
     {file = "certifi-2025.8.3.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:e564105f78ded564e3ae7c923924435e1daa7463faeab5bb932bc53ffae63407"},
@@ -543,66 +543,19 @@ version = "0.16.0"
 description = "A pure-Python, bring-your-own-I/O implementation of HTTP/1.1"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.8"
-groups = ["main", "dev"]
+groups = ["main"]
 files = [
     {file = "h11-0.16.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:63cf8bbe7522de3bf65932fda1d9c2772064ffb3dae62d55932da54b31cb6c86"},
     {file = "h11-0.16.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:4e35b956cf45792e4caa5885e69fba00bdbc6ffafbfa020300e549b208ee5ff1"},
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "httpcore"
-version = "1.0.9"
-description = "A minimal low-level HTTP client."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.8"
-groups = ["dev"]
-files = [
-    {file = "httpcore-1.0.9-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2d400746a40668fc9dec9810239072b40b4484b640a8c38fd654a024c7a1bf55"},
-    {file = "httpcore-1.0.9.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:6e34463af53fd2ab5d807f399a9b45ea31c3dfa2276f15a2c3f00afff6e176e8"},
-]
-
-[package.dependencies]
-certifi = "*"
-h11 = ">=0.16"
-
-[package.extras]
-asyncio = ["anyio (>=4.0,<5.0)"]
-http2 = ["h2 (>=3,<5)"]
-socks = ["socksio (==1.*)"]
-trio = ["trio (>=0.22.0,<1.0)"]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "httpx"
-version = "0.28.1"
-description = "The next generation HTTP client."
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.8"
-groups = ["dev"]
-files = [
-    {file = "httpx-0.28.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:d909fcccc110f8c7faf814ca82a9a4d816bc5a6dbfea25d6591d6985b8ba59ad"},
-    {file = "httpx-0.28.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:75e98c5f16b0f35b567856f597f06ff2270a374470a5c2392242528e3e3e42fc"},
-]
-
-[package.dependencies]
-anyio = "*"
-certifi = "*"
-httpcore = "==1.*"
-idna = "*"
-
-[package.extras]
-brotli = ["brotli ; platform_python_implementation == \"CPython\"", "brotlicffi ; platform_python_implementation != \"CPython\""]
-cli = ["click (==8.*)", "pygments (==2.*)", "rich (>=10,<14)"]
-http2 = ["h2 (>=3,<5)"]
-socks = ["socksio (==1.*)"]
-zstd = ["zstandard (>=0.18.0)"]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "idna"
 version = "3.10"
 description = "Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA)"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.6"
-groups = ["main", "dev"]
+groups = ["main"]
 files = [
     {file = "idna-3.10-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:946d195a0d259cbba61165e88e65941f16e9b36ea6ddb97f00452bae8b1287d3"},
     {file = "idna-3.10.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:12f65c9b470abda6dc35cf8e63cc574b1c52b11df2c86030af0ac09b01b13ea9"},
@@ -611,18 +564,6 @@ files = [
 [package.extras]
 all = ["flake8 (>=7.1.1)", "mypy (>=1.11.2)", "pytest (>=8.3.2)", "ruff (>=0.6.2)"]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "iniconfig"
-version = "2.3.0"
-description = "brain-dead simple config-ini parsing"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.10"
-groups = ["dev"]
-files = [
-    {file = "iniconfig-2.3.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f631c04d2c48c52b84d0d0549c99ff3859c98df65b3101406327ecc7d53fbf12"},
-    {file = "iniconfig-2.3.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c76315c77db068650d49c5b56314774a7804df16fee4402c1f19d6d15d8c4730"},
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "ipython"
 version = "9.6.0"
@@ -1083,22 +1024,6 @@ docs = ["furo (>=2024.8.6)", "proselint (>=0.14)", "sphinx (>=8.1.3)", "sphinx-a
 test = ["appdirs (==1.4.4)", "covdefaults (>=2.3)", "pytest (>=8.3.4)", "pytest-cov (>=6)", "pytest-mock (>=3.14)"]
 type = ["mypy (>=1.14.1)"]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "pluggy"
-version = "1.6.0"
-description = "plugin and hook calling mechanisms for python"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.9"
-groups = ["dev"]
-files = [
-    {file = "pluggy-1.6.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:e920276dd6813095e9377c0bc5566d94c932c33b27a3e3945d8389c374dd4746"},
-    {file = "pluggy-1.6.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:7dcc130b76258d33b90f61b658791dede3486c3e6bfb003ee5c9bfb396dd22f3"},
-]
-
-[package.extras]
-dev = ["pre-commit", "tox"]
-testing = ["coverage", "pytest", "pytest-benchmark"]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "prompt-toolkit"
 version = "3.0.52"
@@ -1335,28 +1260,6 @@ files = [
     {file = "pypika_tortoise-0.6.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f95ab59d9b6454db2e8daa0934728458350a1f3d56e81d9d1debc8eebeff26b3"},
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "pytest"
-version = "8.4.2"
-description = "pytest: simple powerful testing with Python"
-optional = false
-python-versions = ">=3.9"
-groups = ["dev"]
-files = [
-    {file = "pytest-8.4.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:872f880de3fc3a5bdc88a11b39c9710c3497a547cfa9320bc3c5e62fbf272e79"},
-    {file = "pytest-8.4.2.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:86c0d0b93306b961d58d62a4db4879f27fe25513d4b969df351abdddb3c30e01"},
-]
-
-[package.dependencies]
-colorama = {version = ">=0.4", markers = "sys_platform == \"win32\""}
-iniconfig = ">=1"
-packaging = ">=20"
-pluggy = ">=1.5,<2"
-pygments = ">=2.7.2"
-
-[package.extras]
-dev = ["argcomplete", "attrs (>=19.2)", "hypothesis (>=3.56)", "mock", "requests", "setuptools", "xmlschema"]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "python-dateutil"
 version = "2.9.0.post0"
@@ -1585,7 +1488,7 @@ version = "1.3.1"
 description = "Sniff out which async library your code is running under"
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
-groups = ["main", "dev"]
+groups = ["main"]
 files = [
     {file = "sniffio-1.3.1-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:2f6da418d1f1e0fddd844478f41680e794e6051915791a034ff65e5f100525a2"},
     {file = "sniffio-1.3.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:f4324edc670a0f49750a81b895f35c3adb843cca46f0530f79fc1babb23789dc"},
@@ -1701,7 +1604,7 @@ files = [
     {file = "typing_extensions-4.15.0-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:f0fa19c6845758ab08074a0cfa8b7aecb71c999ca73d62883bc25cc018c4e548"},
     {file = "typing_extensions-4.15.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:0cea48d173cc12fa28ecabc3b837ea3cf6f38c6d1136f85cbaaf598984861466"},
 ]
-markers = {dev = "python_version < \"3.13\""}
+markers = {dev = "python_version == \"3.11\""}
 
 [[package]]
 name = "typing-inspection"
@@ -1816,4 +1719,4 @@ auth = ["argon2-cffi", "crypto", "passlib", "pyjwt", "python-multipart"]
 [metadata]
 lock-version = "2.1"
 python-versions = ">=3.11"
-content-hash = "cc1604995d3b73ee302e63731dd300ea17c4d95d0cfc6c386626dd9a9f60e8a7"
+content-hash = "3d301460081dada359d425d69feefc63c1e5135aa64b6f000f554bfc1231febd"

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "ohmyapi"
-version = "0.6.2"
+version = "0.4.2"
 description = "Django-flavored scaffolding and management layer around FastAPI, Pydantic, TortoiseORM and Aerich migrations"
 license = "MIT"
 keywords = ["fastapi", "tortoise", "orm", "pydantic", "async", "web-framework"]
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ ipython = ">=9.5.0,<10.0.0"
 black = "^25.9.0"
 isort = "^6.0.1"
 mkdocs = "^1.6.1"
-pytest = "^8.4.2"
-httpx = "^0.28.1"
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 auth = ["passlib", "pyjwt", "crypto", "argon2-cffi", "python-multipart"]

src/ohmyapi/__init__.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-__VERSION__ = "0.6.2"
+__VERSION__ = "0.4.2"

src/ohmyapi/builtin/auth/models.py

@@ -1,39 +1,53 @@
+import hmac
+import hashlib
+import base64
+from functools import wraps
+from secrets import token_bytes
+from typing import List, Optional
+from uuid import UUID
+
+from passlib.context import CryptContext
+from tortoise.contrib.pydantic import pydantic_queryset_creator
+
 from ohmyapi.db import Model, field, Q
 from ohmyapi.router import HTTPException
 
-from .utils import hmac_hash
-
-from datetime import datetime
-from passlib.context import CryptContext
-from typing import Optional
-from uuid import UUID
+import settings
 
 pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["argon2"], deprecated="auto")
+SECRET_KEY = getattr(settings, "SECRET_KEY", "OhMyAPI Secret Key")
+
+
+def hmac_hash(data: str) -> str:
+    digest = hmac.new(SECRET_KEY.encode("UTF-8"), data.encode("utf-8"), hashlib.sha256).digest()
+    return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(digest).decode("utf-8")
+
+
+class Group(Model):
+    id: UUID = field.data.UUIDField(pk=True)
+    name: str = field.CharField(max_length=42, index=True)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name if self.name else ""
 
 
 class User(Model):
     id: UUID = field.data.UUIDField(pk=True)
     username: str = field.CharField(max_length=150, unique=True)
-    email_hash: str = field.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True, index=True)
+    email_hash: Optional[str] = field.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True, index=True)
     password_hash: str = field.CharField(max_length=128)
     is_admin: bool = field.BooleanField(default=False)
     is_staff: bool = field.BooleanField(default=False)
-    created_at: datetime = field.DatetimeField(auto_now_add=True)
-    updated_at: datetime = field.DatetimeField(auto_now=True)
+    groups: field.ManyToManyRelation[Group] = field.ManyToManyField(
+        "ohmyapi_auth.Group", related_name="users", through="usergroups"
+    )
 
     class Schema:
-        include = {
-            "id",
-            "username",
-            "is_admin",
-            "is_staff"
-            "created_at",
-            "updated_at",
-        }
+        exclude = ["password_hash", "email_hash"]
 
     def __str__(self):
         fields = {
-            'username': self.username,
+            'username': self.username if self.username else "-",
             'is_admin': 'y' if self.is_admin else 'n',
             'is_staff': 'y' if self.is_staff else 'n',
         }
@@ -52,7 +66,7 @@ class User(Model):
         return pwd_context.verify(raw_password, self.password_hash)
 
     @classmethod
-    async def authenticate(cls, username: str, password: str) -> Optional["User"]:
+    async def authenticate_username(cls, username: str, password: str) -> Optional["User"]:
         """Authenticate a user by username and password."""
         user = await cls.filter(username=username).first()
         if user and user.verify_password(password):

src/ohmyapi/builtin/auth/permissions.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from .routes import (
     get_current_user,
     get_token,
-    maybe_authenticated,
     require_admin,
     require_authenticated,
     require_group,

src/ohmyapi/builtin/auth/routes.py

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 import time
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
-
-from fastapi import APIRouter, Body, Depends, Header, HTTPException, Request, status
-from fastapi.security import OAuth2, OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
-from fastapi.security.utils import get_authorization_scheme_param
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from tortoise.exceptions import DoesNotExist
-
-from ohmyapi.builtin.auth.models import User
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
 
 import jwt
 import settings
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Body, Depends, Header, HTTPException, status
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from ohmyapi.builtin.auth.models import Group, User
 
 # Router
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/auth", tags=["Auth"])
@@ -26,25 +23,12 @@ REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_SECONDS = getattr(
     settings, "JWT_REFRESH_TOKEN_EXPIRE_SECONDS", 7 * 24 * 60 * 60
 )
 
-class OptionalOAuth2PasswordBearer(OAuth2):
-    def __init__(self, tokenUrl: str):
-        super().__init__(flows={"password": {"tokenUrl": tokenUrl}}, scheme_name="OAuth2PasswordBearer")
-
-    async def __call__(self, request: Request) -> Optional[str]:
-        authorization: str = request.headers.get("Authorization")
-        scheme, param = get_authorization_scheme_param(authorization)
-        if not authorization or scheme.lower() != "bearer":
-            # No token provided — just return None
-            return None
-        return param
-
-
 oauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/auth/login")
-oauth2_optional_scheme = OptionalOAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/auth/login")
 
 
 class ClaimsUser(BaseModel):
     username: str
+    email: str
     is_admin: bool
     is_staff: bool
 
@@ -53,6 +37,7 @@ class Claims(BaseModel):
     type: str
     sub: str
     user: ClaimsUser
+    roles: List[str]
     exp: str
 
 
@@ -79,15 +64,17 @@ class TokenType(str, Enum):
     refresh = "refresh"
 
 
-def claims(token_type: TokenType, user: User = []) -> Claims:
+def claims(token_type: TokenType, user: User, groups: List[Group] = []) -> Claims:
     return Claims(
         type=token_type,
         sub=str(user.id),
         user=ClaimsUser(
             username=user.username,
+            email=user.email,
             is_admin=user.is_admin,
             is_staff=user.is_staff,
         ),
+        roles=[g.name for g in groups],
         exp="",
     )
 
@@ -137,12 +124,6 @@ async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)) -> User:
     return user
 
 
-async def maybe_authenticated(token: Optional[str] = Depends(oauth2_optional_scheme)) -> Optional[User]:
-    if token is None:
-        return None
-    return await get_current_user(token)
-
-
 async def require_authenticated(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)) -> User:
     """Ensure the current user is an admin."""
     if not current_user:
@@ -199,25 +180,17 @@ async def login(form_data: LoginRequest = Body(...)):
     )
 
 
-class TokenRefresh(BaseModel):
-    refresh_token: str
-
-
 @router.post("/refresh", response_model=AccessToken)
-async def refresh_token(refresh_token: TokenRefresh = Body(...)):
+async def refresh_token(refresh_token: str):
     """Exchange refresh token for new access token."""
-    payload = decode_token(refresh_token.refresh_token)
+    payload = decode_token(refresh_token)
     if payload.get("type") != "refresh":
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="Invalid refresh token"
         )
 
     user_id = payload.get("sub")
-    try:
-        user = await User.get(id=user_id)
-    except DoesNotExist:
-        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED)
-
+    user = await User.filter(id=user_id).first()
     if not user:
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED, detail="User not found"
@@ -226,7 +199,7 @@ async def refresh_token(refresh_token: TokenRefresh = Body(...)):
     new_access = create_token(
         claims(TokenType.access, user), ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_SECONDS
     )
-    return AccessToken(token_type="bearer", access_token=new_access)
+    return AccessToken(token_type="bearer", access_token=access_token)
 
 
 @router.get("/introspect", response_model=Dict[str, Any])

src/ohmyapi/builtin/auth/utils.py

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-import base64
-import hashlib
-import hmac
-
-import settings
-
-SECRET_KEY = getattr(settings, "SECRET_KEY", "OhMyAPI Secret Key")
-
-
-def hmac_hash(data: str) -> str:
-    digest = hmac.new(
-        SECRET_KEY.encode("UTF-8"),
-        data.encode("utf-8"),
-        hashlib.sha256,
-    ).digest()
-    return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(digest).decode("utf-8")
-

src/ohmyapi/cli.py

@@ -165,13 +165,6 @@ def createsuperuser(root: str = "."):
     )
     user.set_email(email)
     user.set_password(password1)
-
-    async def _run():
-        await project.init_orm()
-        user = ohmyapi_auth.models.User(username=username, is_staff=True, is_admin=True)
-        user.set_email(email)
-        user.set_password(password1)
-        await user.save()
-        await project.close_orm()
-
-    asyncio.run(_run())
+    asyncio.run(project.init_orm())
+    asyncio.run(user.save())
+    asyncio.run(project.close_orm())

src/ohmyapi/core/runtime.py

@@ -40,14 +40,6 @@ class Project:
         if str(self.project_path) not in sys.path:
             sys.path.insert(0, str(self.project_path))
 
-        # Load settings.py
-        try:
-            self.settings = importlib.import_module("settings")
-        except Exception as e:
-            raise RuntimeError(
-                f"Failed to import project settings from {self.project_path}"
-            ) from e
-
         # Alias builtin apps as ohmyapi_<name>.
         # We need this, because Tortoise app-names may not include dots `.`.
         spec = importlib.util.find_spec("ohmyapi.builtin")
@@ -65,6 +57,14 @@ class Project:
                     except ModuleNotFoundError:
                         pass
 
+        # Load settings.py
+        try:
+            self.settings = importlib.import_module("settings")
+        except Exception as e:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Failed to import project settings from {self.project_path}"
+            ) from e
+
         # Load installed apps
         for app_name in getattr(self.settings, "INSTALLED_APPS", []):
             self._apps[app_name] = App(self, name=app_name)
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class Project:
         }
 
         for app_name, app in self._apps.items():
-            modules = list(app._models.keys())
+            modules = list(app.models.keys())
             if modules:
                 config["apps"][app_name] = {
                     "models": modules,
@@ -154,10 +154,7 @@ class Project:
         tortoise_cfg = self.build_tortoise_config(db_url=db_url)
 
         # Prevent leaking other app's models to Aerich.
-        if app_label in tortoise_cfg["apps"].keys():
         tortoise_cfg["apps"] = {app_label: tortoise_cfg["apps"][app_label]}
-        else:
-            tortoise_cfg["apps"] = {app_label: {"default_connection": "default", "models": []}}
 
         # Append aerich.models to the models list of the target app only
         tortoise_cfg["apps"][app_label]["models"].append("aerich.models")
@@ -342,9 +339,9 @@ class App:
         except ModuleNotFoundError:
             return
 
-        installer = getattr(mod, "install", None)
-        if installer is not None:
-            for middleware in installer():
+        getter = getattr(mod, "get", None)
+        if getter is not None:
+            for middleware in getter():
                 self._middlewares.append(middleware)
 
     def __serialize_route(self, route):
@@ -375,7 +372,9 @@ class App:
         for module in self._models:
             for model in self._models[module]:
                 out.append(model)
-        return out
+        return {
+            module: out,
+        }
 
     @property
     def routers(self):
@@ -404,15 +403,10 @@ class App:
         """
         Convenience method for serializing the runtime data.
         """
-        # An app may come without any models
-        models = []
-        if f"{self.name}.models" in self._models:
-            models = [
-                f"{self.name}.{m.__name__}"
-                for m in self._models[f"{self.name}.models"]
-            ]
         return {
-            "models": models,
+            "models": [
+                f"{self.name}.{m.__name__}" for m in self.models[f"{self.name}.models"]
+            ],
             "middlewares": self.__serialize_middleware(),
             "routes": self.__serialize_router(),
         }

src/ohmyapi/db/__init__.py

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 from tortoise.expressions import Q
 from tortoise.manager import Manager
-from tortoise.query_utils import Prefetch
 from tortoise.queryset import QuerySet
 from tortoise.signals import (
     post_delete,

src/ohmyapi/db/functions.py

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-from tortoise.functions import *

src/ohmyapi/db/model/model.py

@@ -31,18 +31,6 @@ UUID.__get_pydantic_core_schema__ = classmethod(__uuid_schema_monkey_patch)
 
 class ModelMeta(type(TortoiseModel)):
     def __new__(mcls, name, bases, attrs):
-        meta = attrs.get("Meta", None)
-        if meta is None:
-            class Meta:
-                pass
-            meta = Meta
-            attrs["Meta"] = meta
-
-        if not hasattr(meta, "table"):
-            # Use first part of module as app_label
-            app_label = attrs.get("__module__", "").replace("ohmyapi.builtin.", "ohmyapi_").split(".")[0]
-            setattr(meta, "table", f"{app_label}_{name.lower()}")
-
         # Grab the Schema class for further processing.
         schema_opts = attrs.get("Schema", None)
 

src/ohmyapi/middleware/cors.py

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ CORS_CONFIG: Dict[str, Any] = getattr(settings, "MIDDLEWARE_CORS", {})
 if not isinstance(CORS_CONFIG, dict):
     raise ValueError("MIDDLEWARE_CORS must be of type dict")
 
-middleware = (
-    CORSMiddleware,
-    {
+middleware = [
+    (CORSMiddleware, {
         "allow_origins": CORS_CONFIG.get("ALLOW_ORIGINS", DEFAULT_ORIGINS),
         "allow_credentials": CORS_CONFIG.get("ALLOW_CREDENTIALS", DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS),
         "allow_methods": CORS_CONFIG.get("ALLOW_METHODS", DEFAULT_METHODS),
         "allow_headers": CORS_CONFIG.get("ALLOW_HEADERS", DEFAULT_HEADERS),
-    }
-)
+    }),
+]
+